Rules of Behavior in the Islamic Economy (The Concept, Characteristics, Theoretical Approaches, and Practical Principles)

The Islamic economy aims to establish and regulate the economic behaviors within the framework of the Islamic norms; “so that mankind may maintain justice”. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the concept and characteristics of rules of behavior and to explicate the related principles and approaches in different sections of the Islamic economy. In what follows, the author has followed up the issue through the economic and jurisprudential analysis.
According to the findings of research, the rule of behavior stands for the concept of Ma’ruf (good act) in the Islamic Law; there are six characteristics for it: meaningfulness, relative stability and gradual dynamism, that it depends on a feeling of need stemming from beliefs and sentiment, that it rests on a fixed mechanism and posited setting, that it can spontaneously or knowingly be performed, and that it can be judged. In the Islamic normative economy, rules of behavior are proposed within the framework of dynamic patterns, fixed legal standards and variable policies. In the Islamic positive economy, rules of behavior can be recognized through the ongoing mechanism, its relation to the Islamic norms and an inquiry into the practice of the adults. In the political economy of Islam and according to its legal standards for behavior-making, the patterns for fixing or changing rules of behaviors are sought for according to the Islamic norms. The Islamic required rules of economic behavior rest on the religious principles such as substitution and thriving in production, controlling and brotherhood in distribution, temperance and adequacy in consumption.