Critical Analysis of Doubts about Abraham’s (A.S .) Race

The results of prophets’ genealogy are useful in verbal doubts denial against their personality and descent, and also amend the attitudes to their prophecy. Abraham (A.S (. has a prominent position in monotheistic religions, any objection and suspicion about his descent and personality will cause doubts about the prophecy or historical identity of Abraham (A.S.). In Islamic heritage, there are three doubts:  "Iranian descent of Abraham (A.S.)", "Abraham (A.S.) knew idolatrous Āzar as the father" and "the Abraham's (A.S.) mother marital relationship with Āzar". The two recent doubts are in evident controversy with some of the Twelver theological principles about spiritual purity of the prophets' fathers. In the first doubt, Ibrahim's historical identity has been associated with Zoroastrianism and Iranian descent which is in clear contradiction with the verses and traditions about Abraham's descent. In this research, the aforementioned doubts are evaluated by analytical-critical method. The results of the study showed that these doubts are unstable and false. The claim that the Arpachshad was Iranian relative of Ibrahim (A.S.) and its similarity or its unity with Zoroaster are facing serious and important historical and linguistics challenges and is not a valid claim. The verses in which Abraham addressed Āzar as the father does not necessarily mean relative father, and these verses can be combined with the Prophetic traditions about the purification of the prophets' fathers because they only referred to the purification of their fathers from polytheism and idolatry, and Āzar does not have such conditions. The narratives that claim Āzar is the father of Abraham (A.S.) are unreliable because of the textual anxiety and conflict with other traditions, and also on the basis of prophets' fathers’ purification from idolatry and polytheism. Forgery or at least distortion can be proved in them.