The survey of diversity, distribution and abundance of Dinoflagella in the major estuaries of north of IRAN

This study done in the Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter, at 40 study sites from 8 transect between Astara to border of Hasangholipour. Transect are in Astara, Bandar Anzali, Sefidrood, Tonekabon, Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad, Bandar Turkman and the SouthCoast of the Caspian Sea. In each transect, 5 stations at depths of 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, 50 m and 100 m were determined to sample a chapter of depth zero (level) and 10 m, 20 m, 50 m and 100 m by Rutner was performed. A total of 24 species were identified from the phylum Dinoflagella. The maximum density Dinoflagella (28.17 ± 27.14 per cubic meter × 106) and maximum biomass 349 ± 336 mg per cubic meter, respectively. Most species diversity Dinoflagella phylum in winter (17 species) has been that species Exuviaella cordata، Goniaulax polyedra، Peridinium achromaticum، Peridinium latum،  Prorocentrum praximum و Prorocentrum scutllum   were observed in all seasons. Phylum Dinoflagella with an average density of 28/17 ± 27/14 (the number of cubic meters × 106) and the average biomass annually 349 ± 336 (milligrams per cubic meter) of approximately 9% density and 4% biomass phytoplankton of area in the country.The diversity, the density and biomass Dinoflagella have been significant changes (p<0.05).Ongoing changes in microscopic plants including Dinoflagella can effect on fish migration patterns, their growth rate, mortality rate and of course the critical gas concentrations in the atmosphere.