Analysis of Photonic Crystal fibers Using Finite Difference Frequency Domain Method

Finite difference and finite element methods have more accuracy in the calculation of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) characters than other methods. In the present paper the finite difference method in the frequency domain is used to describe and determine the characteristics of PCF. The propagation characteristics of photonic crystal fiber with eight-hole layer are calculated and the fiber characteristics, consisting of, effective refractive index and waveguide dispersion are determined. Then using the composite Simpson rule for double integral, the values of effective areas and numerical apertures are obtained using the results of fields for different values of the hole sizes and distances and the results are compared. Since the determination of zero dispersion region is important in telecommunication and especially for the design of compensators, by determining the color dispersion and zero dispersion wavelength in this kind of fibers, the effects of air hole characteristics in the zero point of dispersion is verified. In this paper for the first time, using the mentioned method, the effects of the hole size in PCF characteristics such as waveguide dispersion is calculated and it is shown that increasing the air hole size in the fixed hole distance, causes the zero dispersion wavelength to decrease and for the fixed air hole with increasing the hole distance, the zero dispersion wavelength increases in the PCF..