Morphological Analysis of Modern Residential Architecture in Turkey and Iran (Case Study: Chankaya Palace and Sa'ad Abad Palace)

In the face of the arrival of modernism in the Middle East, the first achievement of the Republic of Turkey led by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was disconnection from the visual symbolic past. Turkey succeeded in rebuilding itself and became a role model for its neighbor, including Iran during the Pahlavi regime. Thus, the impact of modernism on the symbolic and visual structures of the past is particularly important. Therefore, the influence of Cubic architecture on the avant-garde architecture of these two leaders isessential. The current paper aims at investigating this process and its roots. This is a qualitative comparative analytical research method with a morphological analysis strategy. Data was collected with reference to library sources. For morphological analysis and comparative study, Saad Abad and Chankaya palaces were selected. Then, the indices were determined and compared. The results show that theintercultural exchanges in the twentieth century significantly transformed the urban and residential culture in Iran and Turkey. Therefore, one cannot speak of producing "universal" pure architecture in an abstract space far from the influence of local conditions or of pure "local" architecture while one place is entirely dependent on other places. Saad Abad and Chankaya are not just influenced by local or universal architecture but rather influenced by the impact of the locally and universally features. Therefore, the morphological comparison of Saad Abad and Chankaya palaces is more than the content of the cubic architecture. It is not merely a modernist imitation of Western architecture, and the past (local) architectural traditions of these countries have not been completely abandoned, and in fact they have been interconnected or compatible with the traditional and modern concepts and forms.