Chronic and Acute Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is one of the most common digestive diseases. Evidences show that the number of patients suffering from cholecystitis increases every year, Due to the high prevalence rate of gallbladder disease in societies, high costs and expenses are imposed to families and governments. The purpose of this article is to be familiar with kinds of cholecystitis, nursery proceedings; recognition and treatment for society's individuals especially care personnel.

This is a review article and it has been prepared by searching in library resources and scientific data bases such as PubMed and Science Direct with keywords of acute and Chronic, Cholecystectomy and laparoscopy cholecystitis, from 2009 to 2015.

Cholecystitis is divided to two categories including acute cholecystitis, acute cholecystitis free of stone and chronic cholecystitis. The cause of acute cholecystitis in 90 percent of patients is the stone of gallbladder. Cholecystitis without stone comes after big operations or trauma or sever burning, the changes in water balance and electrolytes. Surgery is the most certain way for treating cholecystitis. Patients who have the problem of acute cholecystitis need to be looked after by nurses who are aware of recognition methods used in curing cholecystitis. Responsibilities of nurse include post-operation cares, pre-operation cares, recognition and control of post-operation effects and release time educations. Post – operation interferences include Nose-gastric tube for prevention of stomach distention, improving of breathing condition, looking after evacuation tube, surveying and caring in terms of consequences like contamination and improving of breathing condition. Laparoscopic operation is the most preferable method of cholecystectomy because of the low level of its dangerous consequences in comparison to that of cholecystectomy.

With the regard to the increasing number of gallbladder disease especially cholecystitis, familiarity with signs and dangerous factors of stone of gallbladder and timely recognition of the disease has a significant role in curing the disease and decreasing the dangerous consequences of the disease. Nurses can play a significant role in recognizing the symptoms and curing and decreasing dangerous effects of the disease. Hence, they can lead to improve quickly patients by using nursery on the basis of the observations. Nursery services must be offered along with improving the life quality of patients and increasing their satisfaction.