Explaining the Components of Justice Perception of the Superiors in the Viewpoint of Imam Ali (AS)

Thus far, the perception of justice has been discussed among employees and their superiors and among the coworkers. However, according to the interpretation of Sermon 216 of Nahj al-Balaghah by Ibn Meisam, it is possible to perceive justice in the superiors too. Hence, this research is intended to identify the components of the concept of perception of justice among superiors towards their subordinates based on Imam Ali's sayings in Nahj al-Balaghah. Thus, the sayings of Imam Ali (AS) in Nahj al-Balaghah relating logical expectation of the superiors from the subordinates claiming their rights were reviewed and coded using content analysis. Based on the findings of the research, a total of 202 open codes were identified. They were classified into 28 basic themes, the perception of justice in the superiors as the comprehensive theme, and the four organizing themes including "loyalty", "benevolence for the superiors and the whole group", "acceptance and saying welcome to invitation", and "obedience". The result of the study indicates that some indicators must be presented for the operationalizing this perception among superiors. It can be used for investigating the relationship between this concept and other components of the organization domain in the form of independent, dependent, or moderating variables.