Changing the concept of human in the epistemology of geographers and its impact on interacting with the environment

The issue of cognition in Geography focuses on the human, environment and relationship between them. The question now is that by changing the concept of human at different times, has the Geographers' way and interacting with the environment also changed? Therefore, the return to the past and understanding intellectual developments can reveal the evolution of our ideas and our way of thinking today and help deepen our understanding of the future. The historical evolution in the thought of theorist Geographers shows that their opinion in humans is constantly changing and has evolved from a "historical" being to a "social", "multi-dimensional", "spiritual" and "transformed human" phenomenon. These differences are reflected not only in theoretical understandings but also in their method and type of analysis. The fundamental question can now be asked whether these differences have influenced the type of Geographers' practical experience in dealing with the environment. And has this led to certain strategic changes? This research has been carried out with the method of phenomenology and analysis of Geographic texts in six historical periods in the new era (1900-2020) and emphasizes the following points:- Geographers' perceptions of the human concept have shaped the basis of their understanding in dealing with the environment.- The difference in Geographic views that focuses on the difference in the concept of human not only define the Geographers' functional strategies in different ages in dealing with the environment, but have also changed their definition of Geographic knowledge.