Management of Cut Flower Production in Rose with Emphasis on Shoot Bending

Undoubtedly cut rose is one of the most economically and favorite ornamental plants in the world. Management of rose architecture plays an important role on the year-round flower production as it greatly determines plant life span, and effects both plant development and the quality of the flowering shoots (length, diameter and weight). Traditional cut-flower rose production involves growing plants in the ground and training the canopy vertically as a tall hedge. However, nowadays rose growers have changed this method by bending the non-productive shoots (stems with low length and diameter and also with blind shoot potential). Bending of shoots results in reduced indigenous IAA hormone and increased cytokinin and ethylene levels which in turn lead to a decline in the growth and an increase in branching and increase in flowering. Shoot bending increase the light capture and it makes more photosynthetic assimilates. Moreover, it changes the translocation of photosynthetic assimilates from the foliage of bended shoots towards the bottom breaks, thus, it increases the growth and flower quality. Bending also increases light absorption and production of photosynthetic assimilates and their translocation from the foliage of the bended shoots towards the bottom breaks. This could increase growth rate and improve the quality of the flowers. In the present research, the management of the cut rose plant structure with an emphasis on shoot bending, has been thoroughly reviewed.