The Rationalization Process in the Iran of the Constitutional Era

The present study aims to understand how the process of rationalization had taken place in the Iran of the constitutional era. In the political philosophy, one of the most important conditions for a country to access to a rational society is the rationalization of its government and politics or the process of rationalization of government in three concepts. Substantial rationalization, voluntary rationalization, and bureaucratic and legal rationalization. The government in Iran only realized the importance of rationalization when the constitutional movement was formed. A movement that led to a break in the Iranian history and created a new chapter for it. Essentially, the three components of modern political economy, legal bureaucracy, and modern law have brought about a rational transformation of government in Iran. It is with this development that the government first emerged in a liberal and voluntary form and then took on bureaucratic, legal and substantive forms. What this study seeks to understand is how this rationalization took place despite the despotic government and rule of the social and economic relationships of pre-capitalist Iran. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and it aims to answer the question of how the modernization of government in Iran started and continued.