Identification of phenolic and flavenoid compounds in Crocus pallasii subsp. haussknechtii (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) B.Mathew. and antibacterial analysis

In this study, the quantitative and qualitative analysis has been done to examine the phenolic, flavonoid and antimicrobial activity of methanolic, ethyl acetate and N-hexane extracts of the corm and leaves of Jo-ghasem (Crocus pallasii subsp. haussknechtii (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw)B.Mathew. The plant species have been collected from three different habitats (Gaaza, Ziba and Veysian) in Lorestan province in 2018. The extraction was done by Maceration method. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that the aqueous extract of corm contains more phenolic and flavonoid compounds than the other two extracts. In contrast, quantitative analysis of extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed. This method showed that Jo-ghasem corm was contained 3 phenolic compounds of Chicoric acid, Chlorogenic acid and Syringic acid and 2 flavonoid compounds of Kaempferol and Apginine. In this study, the antibacterial effects of ethyl acetate, methanol and N-hexane extract on Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive bacteria were investigated using agar well diffusion method. According to the results, methanol extract of leaves and corm from all three regions had the most effect on both bacteria compared to N-hexane extract. This is the first qualitative study to identify the chemical compound s of Jo-ghasem corm.