Behavior and Knowledge of the Citizens about Ultra Violet Radiation in a Semi-arid Region in Iran

of the Study: Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) emitted by the sun can lead to health problems, such as cataracts, skin cancer, prostate cancer, premature aging, and damage to DNA. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice level of citizens in Qom, Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted between 22 December 2013, and 23 August 2014. A standard questionnaire was distributed among citizens in Qom (a semi-arid region of Iran) who were selected randomly from all four regions of this city. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0).

In terms of knowledge, only 7.3% of the participants had a good level of knowledge, whereas only about 20% of them had a suitable attitude and practice. Furthermore, females gained higher total Knowledge, attitude, and practice scores, compared to males. The majority of the participants (77.1%) knew the meaning of SPF (Sun Protection Factor); however, 60.4% of them did not have enough information about “the appropriate amount of SPF” item. The television was selected as a proper method (94%) for making the public informed of UVR. In addition, females were more likely to use sunscreen than males (P<0.001). Additionally, it was found that in the majority of the seasons, more than 50% of men and women used sunscreen fewer than three times a week. In total, 78% of the participants (88 male vs. 103 female) used sunscreen in order to prevent sunburn (P=0001).

In general, the level of knowledge and practice was not satisfactory in this study. Therefore, it is inevitable to design and implement a comprehensive training program in public health centers, universities, schools, and other educational centers.