Clustering based on the ontology of microRNAs target genes affecting milk production

Cow's milk is the most nutritious drinks and it's an important part of a person’s diet, and it has all the materials the human body needs. Identification of genes related to milk production and composition is a strategy which through can be effectively influenced milk production.A. Another strategy is to identify microRNAs that affect the expression of effective genes. In this study, we were downloaded the microRNAs data related to the mammary gland of dairy cattle with E-GEOD-61227 accession number from the GEO database. After estimating the expression level of microRNAs, target genes for microRNAs were identified using the miRwalk database. In the next step, AgriGO software was used for clustering of genes based on the tree structure of the gene ontology, which includes three sub-ontology of biological process, molecular function, and cellular component. In the present study, based on the clustering of target genes, the results showed that the biological process of gland morphogenesis and epithelial cell proliferation were highly significant. These processes play an important role in the development of the mammary glands and the results based on molecular activity showed that the signaling using transmembrane receptor protein kinase had the highest significant level. Also, the results of the cellular compartment showed that most of the target genes are located in the intracellular membrane-bounded organelle and the plasma membrane. Therefore, the target genes that regulate these significant processes have the potential to play a significant role in finding a targeted solution to improve milk production.