Study of Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat Germplasm Based on Wheat-Rye Translocations (1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS) Using Specific Primers

Chromosomal arm 1RS of rye (Secale cereale) is one of the most successful foreign resources which was transferred into bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and have significant effects on wheat breeding. Identifying of two 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS translocations in wheat germplasm had important role in breeding programs. In order to study of distribution of 1RS arm in 956 genotype of bread wheat three specific primers were used. The O-SEC primer identified 1BL translocation by amplification of 1530 and 710 bp bands in 63 genotypes (6.68 percent of genotypes) and amplified 900 and 1530 bp bands in two genotypes that can be attributed to the translocation of 1AL. The PAW161 primer was able to amplified 366bp band in 21.86% and 750bp in 14.85% of genotypes and the RyeR3/F3 primer amplified 1451 bp band in 11.29% of the genotypes which indicates the presence of rye arm (1RS) in these genotypes. These primers has amplified several new bands including 1200bp, 1500bp, 800and 400bp in this population. The Agropyron intermedium species has produced 366, 750 and 1200 bp bands by PAW161 primer. Probably this species also carries pieces of 1RS that transmitted into wheat. Generally, these three primers divided the studied genotypes into two groups; 686 genotypes not produced any bands and 270 genotypes produced at least one band. Cluster analysis based on molecular data divided 270 genotypes into five groups, at a genetic distance of 15. The range of rescaled distance was from 10 to 25. In general, because of relationship between these markers and various stresses tolerance, the results of this study can be used to improve wheat cultivars for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and as well as high yield.