The Association of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia and Misoprostol Administered Before Suction Curettage of Molar Pregnancy

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia contains a group of abnormal trophoblastic tumors including hydatidiform moles (partial and complete) and non-molar trophoblastic neoplasms (invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor). The incidence is 1-2 per 1000 deliveries both in the United States and Europe. The aim of this study was to prove the noninferiuority and safety of misoprostol use in cervical ripening in patient with molar pregnancy.

This retrospective cohort study was performed on 150 women with molar pregnancy referred to Firuzgar and Mirza-koochack-khan hospitals in Tehran, between 2006 and 2013. We defined group 1 as 100 patients without Misoprostol pretreatment and group 2 as 50 patients with Misoprostol pretreatment. There was no significant difference in the number of complete or partial mole between the two groups. They were followed by serum ß-hCG level and if it became plateaued in 4 measurements or rose more than 10% in 3 measurements in a period of three weeks, would be defined as persistent.

We found no significant difference of maternal age, fundal height, gestational age, gravity, parity, number of previous abortions and prevalence of complete and partial moles between the two groups. A total of 27 (27%) patients in non-Misoprostol group and 5 (10%) patients in Misoprostol group developed Persistent GTN (P<0.05). We observed no case of trophoblastic embolism in the misoprostol group.

 Misoprostol cervical ripening resulted in lower Persistent GTN incidence. Also, trophoblastic embolism following misoprostol administration is so rare that we observed no case.