Study on the Phytochemical Variability of Essential Oil of Pranos ferulacea Lindl. In different habitats of Delfan County

Prangos ferulacea Lindl. is a persistent, tall and aromatic plant belonging to the family Apiacea. The aerial parts of the plant were collected in three flowering sites of Harena, Derouzenab and Samsane at mid-June, 2015 (2450, 2200 and 2150 m above sea level, respectively), and after drying the plant in the shade of the essential oil, it was distilled with water. The essential oil components were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to compare soil properties of habitats and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the essential oil, and evaluate the relationship between soil characteristics and the essential oil obtained respectively. The results showed that the average essential oil yields from the three sites of Harena, Derouzenab and Samsane were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.3%, respectively. Comparison of the active ingredients showed that the six chemical compounds α-pinene (59.77%), cryophyllene oxide (49.14%), trans-cryophyllene (31.65%), α-Fenchyl (26.66%), α -Humulene (5.65%) and α -Copaene (5.09%) were the most dominant and common compounds in all three habitats. The Pearson correlation between the soil data and the chemical and index components showed that there was a significant correlation between most of the indices and adaphic factors.