Understanding the social realities and consequences of the COVID-19 crisis based on Niklas Luhmann‎'s theory of social systems

In the pandemic of COVID-19, we are facing a social crisis that affects all aspects of human life. Understanding the dimensions of this transformation requires the use of a conceptual framework or an Interdisciplinary approach. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to understand the effects and realities of the COVID-19 crisis based on Niklas Luhmann‎'s theory of social systems with using library study and descriptive-analytical method. The question is, "What aspects of human life were affected by the COVID-19 crisis and what realities does it involve? ''The hypothesis tested is that "the Coronavirus crisis can be examined at three levels: interactive, organizational, and comprehensive, and can be understood in subsystems such as law, science, religion, politics, economics, and education''. The results of the research show that changing the approach in the context of the social interaction system caused a fundamental change in people's daily interactions. In the organizational system, some organizations benefited and some suffered, and the organizational action of some institutions was dragged into the houses. The comprehensive system, which includes six sections, also experienced significant changes in the economic field, the emergence of new laws in many aspects of citizens' lives, a profound change in religious beliefs, a change in teaching methods, special attention to the experimental sciences and centralism in the political subsystem.