Analytical Comparison of Composition and Solubility of Solute by River Water, Well, Hybrid and Pure Water

Water quality is presented by its physicochemical and biological specification. The aim of this study was to analyze the physicochemical characteristic of waters (river, drinking, hybrid and pure water) including total hardness, magnesium, nitrite and ammonia (mg/L) which were determined based on the standard protocols of the EPA (2010) using photometer, Palintest, 8000. Furthermore, dissolved oxygen (mg/L), temperature (ºC) and pH were determined by oxygen meter, calorimeter and pH meter, respectively, with 3 repeats and in the limnology laboratory of Birjand University. In river water, the concentration of nitrogen is higher compared to other water sources due to the physicochemical reactions (especially due to the disposal of ammonia into water). For the hybrid water, consisting of drinking water plus pure water, the chlorine concentration (0.4 mg/L) was greater than the average (0.15 mg/L). The total hardness of the same (125 mg/L) was however lower than the average (185 mg/L). Finally, it is recommended that biological indicators such as the presence of rotifers, tubular cross-sectional fish, and salmon (which normally live in clean water) be used to assess the qualitative characteristics of the water. This is due to the fact that there are normally more living creatures in waters which can hold salts.