The Approach of Ibn Rizwan Maleqiand Ibn Azraq Gharnati in Shiism reflectionof Sultan Muhammad Khodabandah

The causes and results of Sultan Mohammad Khodabandehchr('39')s Shiism have reflected widely in historical sources of the Eastern Islamic world, especially in Iranian sources. Ibn Rizwan Maleqi (Died 782 AH) and Ibn Azraq Gharnati (Died 896 AH), two prominent Andalusian policymakers in Islamic western world, acquainted with this story through Travelogue of Ibn Battuta. These two have considered this issue not from a historiographical point of view, but condemning and denouncing this event from the position of political scholars who sought to correct the affairs and explain the desirable Islamic political system based on the Islam specific reading of Mālikī. The main question of the study is how Sultan Mohammad Khodabandehchr('39')s tendency towards Shiism reflected in the political thought of Ibn Rizwan Maleqi and Ibn Azraq Gharnati? This article by considering works of these two Andalusian scientists has shown that the influence of Sunni worldview of these two scientists and the motives involved in composing their works have been influenced by political and social atmosphere of Islamic western world. Islamic beliefs of Ibn Rizwan and Ibn Azraq based on Mālikī religion and the view to Shiism as heresy in Islam, have presented a negative image of Sultan Muhammad Khodabandeh’s tendency to Shiism in Islamic western world.