From city to civilization; Analysis of the meaning of civilization and civilization; Case study of Surah Al-Baqarah

Man has been constantly seeking a better life, this effort began with the migration of humans to the cave and continues today with the holding of scientific chairs. Numerous elements such as the living environment and the teachings of religions have influenced the evolution of human life. Understanding the evolution of human life and learning from failures and following successes is possible with accurate and methodical knowledge. The change of human environment from tribal and rural life to urban life and the change of people's culture with customary, governmental and religious laws have been the most important factors in the formation of civilizations throughout history. In this study, after examining the meaning and application of the two words civilization and civilization, the related components and indicators in Surah Al-Baqarah have been studied by the method of qualitative analysis of the theme and its brief report has been presented. The result of studying the first surah revealed in the city of Medina, according to its civilized approach, is evidence that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) according to the conditions of society first explained the belief of the people of Medina in their divine position against the doubts of the Jews and then The penal and religious laws have regulated the state of society and, with their teachings, have tried to transform selfishness into otherness.