Analysis of the Relations Between the Ikhwan- al-Muslemin and the Egyptian Governments from the Formation to the end of the Presidency of Hosni Mubarak

Social and political movements are a kind of reaction and response to environmental political and social developments. In such a process, existing ideologies may be challenged and the atmosphere of society may be in crisis. Many Islamic movements use the original Islamic principles as an exit and response to the new situation. Ikhwan-al-Muslemin, as one of the most influential Islamic movements in the current period, appeared in response to the developments of the Islamic society, especially Egypt and in stages, it passed from a moral movement into a cohesive organization in order to influence this society. The main question of this research is that: how formed the relations of Ikwan-al Muslemin with Egyptian governments? This movement in a time sought to realize the ideal of the Islamic Caliphate in the Islamic world and the establishment of an Islamic government in Egypt. But in another period, while fedility to his lofty ideals, he sought to adapt to the new conditions.  As in a later period, unlike the period of "idealism", (which had little desire to participate in the power), it began to participate in the formal structure of power in this country. (Hypothesis) The present article intends to examine the interactive or confrontational relations of Ikhwan-al-Muslemin with the Egyptian governments from the formation to the end of the presidency of Hosni Mubarak. (goal) we have used the theory “collective action” and a descriptive -analytical method. Relations between Ikhwan-al-Muslemin and Egyptian governments was influenced by the actions of internal forces and a reaction to regional developments and foreign intervention. it was sometimes coercive and confrontational, and sometimes (due to common goals, government reform measures and recognition of groups), was peaceful.