Assessing the obstacles and challenges in the formation of green city indicators in the 13th metropolitan area of Tehran

The rapid population growth and urbanization in the metropolis of Tehran in recent decades has led to an increase in resource consumption and the spread of pollution. Continuation of this process can upset the economic and social balance within it and cause ecological imbalance in the urban area in which it is located. This is exactly contrary to the principles of sustainable development for the city of Tehran and its environment. The study area in this study is the 13th metropolitan area of Tehran, which is located in the east of Tehran with an area of about 1283 hectares and from this area is about 930 hectares to the urban fabric and the rest of the military lands, industries, sanctuaries, etc. Also, Sorkheh Hesar forest park with an area of about 394 hectares is located outside the legal limits and on the outskirts of the region, which is one of its prominent features to become a green city. On the other hand, the location of this region on the eastern outskirts of Tehran and the existence of a large military and industrial use can be major obstacles to urban stability and the formation of a green city. Based on this, the present study tries to assess the existing spatial-physical structure of Region 13 in the framework of green city indicators and to evaluate and analyze the capacities and challenges of green city formation in its areas