Utility of Single Channel Algorithm in Heat Island Analysis

The increase in population and the development of urbanization and, consequently, diforested areas have caused an increase in the surface temperature in urban areas, which results in an urban heat island. The heat islands of the city is one of the factors that has become important at the same time with the development of the city and today it can be calculated and evaluated using satellite images. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the points of temperature changes, land use, vegetation, traffic and soil types relationship with surface temperature in Sari and the trend of its spatial changes during the two time periods of 1988 and 2018. For this purpose, TIRS and Landsat 5 and 8 TM images in a period of 30 years (1988-2018) were used to study the heat island changes and calculate the surface temperature with a single-channel algorithm. The results showed that during a period of 30 years with a decrease of 235.3 hectares of green space and a 34% increase in land occupation in Sari, the area of heat islands increased by 21.83%. Also, considering the value of P-value less than 0.05, it showed that there is a significant relationship between vegetation index and city occupation level with land surface temperature and it can be argued that land use change, vegetation and traffic due to population growth and land use change is one of the main factors in increasing spatial changes in the heat islands of Sari.