Comparative study Sense of place In Golshan neighborhoods andGhanat Kowsar District 4 of Tehran Municipality

In urban environments, several factors cause urban decline and migration of residents. One of these factors is the diminishing identity and Sense of place. One of the most important characteristics that affect collective life and social relations is belonging to a certain place. People spend the most and most important hours of their lives in their place of residence and organize their major social relationships based on it. Man integrates with his living environment and place becomes one of the identifying components of his life. Citizens' sense of belonging to their place and living place is one of the important dimensions in improving the quality of urban environments. And it becomes an important factor in shaping the communication bases of citizens in the urban environment. The present study seeks to investigate and recognize the Sense of place among the citizens of Kowsar and Golshan aqueducts located in District 4 of Tehran Municipality and the factors influencing the design of programs and policies to strengthen the Sense of place.

The present research is descriptive-survey in terms of applied purpose and its method. To conduct this research, relevant and field resources were collected in two

library (documentary) using a questionnaire of relevant data. The statistical population of this study is all citizens over 18 years of age in Golshan and Kowsar aqueducts in Tehran's 4th metropolitan area. According to the 2016 census, the population is 58,819 people. The sample size was determined using the Cochran's formula of 382 people. The sampling method was simple random. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed in terms of content (content validity) through the views of experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculated by SPSS software was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. The questionnaires were adjusted based on a range of 5 Likert options (very low, low, medium, high and very high) with an emotional attachment factor of 5 items, a conceptual belonging agent with 5 items, and a functional belonging agent with 6 items.

The analysis of the results shows that the residents of Qanat Kosar neighborhood feel more comfortable in their neighborhood than other neighborhoods than Golshan neighborhood. Also, the development and promotion of the neighborhood is of great importance for the residents of both neighborhoods. In Golshan neighborhood, the residents of this area are not proud of living in this neighborhood and it is not considered valuable for them, while the residents of Qanat Kosar neighborhood are proud to live in this neighborhood. Residents of Qanat Kowsar neighborhood are more inclined to spend time in their neighborhood. Also, the comparison of the two neighborhoods shows that for a large part of the residents of Qanat Kowsar neighborhood, being on the streets of this neighborhood is satisfactory, while this is less true for the residents of Golshan neighborhood.

The analysis of the results shows that the residents of Qanat Kosar neighborhood feel more comfortable in their neighborhood than other neighborhoods than Golshan neighborhood. Also, the development and promotion of the neighborhood is of great importance for the residents of both neighborhoods. In Golshan neighborhood, the residents of this area are not proud of living in this neighborhood and it is not considered valuable for them, while the residents of Qanat Kosar neighborhood are proud to live in this neighborhood. Residents of Qanat Kowsar neighborhood are more inclined to spend time in their neighborhood. Also, the comparison of the two neighborhoods shows that for a large part of the residents of Qanat Kowsar neighborhood, being on the streets of this neighborhood is satisfactory, while this is less true for the residents of Golshan neighborhood.