Spatial Distribution of Macro-karst Landforms in the Zagros of Iran with Emphasis on Temperature and Precipitation

Natural evidence suggests that past climatic conditions have changed dramatically. Most land formations are not justified by current processes and their origin is attributed to climatic processes other than the current climate. Climate change has always been associated with the rise and fall of glaciers. Climate change and the displacement of permanent snowflakes have certainly led to changes in shaping systems, including the karst-fiction system. With reference to documentary sources (geological and topographic maps, digital elevation model, temperature and precipitation information of Esfzari databases, satellite images), the purpose of this paper is to study the changes in the geometric properties of karst landforms (Dolin, Strait, Canyon, Calcareous region, Home, Caves and springs), in relation to the Quaternary climate (temperature and precipitation), altitude and fault. Examining the density and dispersion of these forms, considering the factors affecting karst (climate, altitude and tectonics), it can be concluded that although changes in karst landforms follow the same vector as altitude; taking into account temperature changes, glacial, abscission and landslides that occur in the highlands, Changes in some karst landforms cannot be definitively attributed to favorable or unfavorable dissolution conditions. The interpretation of such landforms must take into account the palimpsest (multi-painting) paradigm. In the evolution of karst landforms, processes have often operated in the same way and mathematical logic cannot be used to change the karstic-fiction boundaries of the Quaternary.