linguistic critique and techniques used in the translation of the novel "Al-Layl Fi Nima'a"

Linguistic critique and techniques used in the translation of the novel "Al_layl Fi Nama'a" Abstract One of the cultural exchange ways in societies is the element of translation. Using linguistics and translation techniques brings about a fluent and understandable translation and also development of scientific, social, anthropological goals. Some translation tetechniques according to "Monila Valiber theory" include:adaptation, expansion,borrowing, copying, description,finding parallelism, substitution, transposition, allocation, etc. This research according to linguistic theories such as Roman Jacobson's (1959/114:2000) and translation techniques,has criticized the novel "Al_layl Fi Nama'a" complied by Zayd al_Shahid. During the translation, the translator has translated descriptive _ analytical concepts skillfully, but based on grammatical structures and similarities in some situations, which has lowered the literary value of the novel. The translator has mostly used direct interlingual translation or the word translation from one language to another. He has literalized some words and even has omitted some sentences whether willingly or not which is not consistent with the concept of the novel. Also the translator has used translation techniques incorrectly, rarely using indirect translation methods. This research examines the mentioned translation, according to linguistics theories, using translation techniques. It has replaced equivalents for some words and is spared from the defects of the novel to exhibit it profound. Keywords: "Linguistic Criticism"; "Translation Techniques"; "Al-Layl in Nima'a."