Study of Anatomical Changes of Fennel Plants Following Cold Plasma Radiation

This study was conducted to determine the effect of cold plasma on growth and anatomical features of Foeniculum vulgareL. plants.

After preparation, fennel seeds were exposed to cold plasma irradiation for 0, 5, 10, and 20 minutes. After germination and initial growth of seedlings, the anatomical features of roots stems and leaves grown from seeds treated with cold plasma were investigated using Carmen Zaji staining.

The results showed that cold plasma was able to make changes in the pattern of differentiation of xylems of the fennel plant, which was mainly dependent on cold plasma time. These changes include an increase in the size of xylem cells and a change in the distribution pattern of the vascular system in the leaves, stems, and roots.

It was concluded that cold plasma treatment causes changes in the anatomical features of leaves, stems , and roots, which can be responsible for the beneficial effects of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and early plant growth.