The effect of microplastics on hematological and biochemical parameters in aquatic animals

Approximately 10% of plastic products enter the environment annually in the form of plastic waste. Plastic trash is usually broken down into smaller pieces by physical, chemical, and ultraviolet processes and enters aquatic ecosystems through surface runoff. Therefore, in recent years, the accumulation of plastic waste in aquatic ecosystems has become a global environmental problem. Microplastics and Nano-plastics may enter the aquatic body through feed intake or waterborne pathways. Microplastics (MPs) may enter the body through the gastrointestinal tract or gills and then the circulatory system and be distributed to all parts of the body. Therefore, exposure to MPs may lead to disruption of biochemical homeostasis and bioaccumulation. Since, hematological and biochemical parameters of aquatic animals are a suitable indicator for evaluating aquatic health in environmental toxicology studies. Therefor, this study aimed to review the mechanism of transmission of MPs to aquatic organisms, bioaccumulation potential, and changes in hematological and biochemical parameters.