Geopolitical scope of Sassanid Iran's rivalry with Eastern Rome and its impact on borders and trade routes

Although by the end of the first century AD the Mediterranean Sea had become a purely Roman sea, in later periods following the rise of the Sassanid, as they sought to reclaim the lands of their ancestors, this empire's confrontation with Byzantium became inevitable. By developing and consolidating their dominance over the political-commercial sphere of the Persian Gulf, Sassanid held an important part of the main transportation and trade axes of the ancient world. This was while on the borders of the other two areas, namely from Mesopotami to the eastern shores of the Mediterranean and the general area of the Caucasus, with their aggressive policy, they had a serious competition with the Byzantines, which was to get the main home, the conflicting ligaments.This research intends to deal with the main causes and factors of the Iran-Byzantine conflict between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf by descriptive-analytical method. In order to answer this question, the geopolitical and commercial-economic importance of the disputed areas is discussed. It will also show how the geopolitical position of these lands led the two great powers of that time into a series of land and sea battles.