The role of electronic devices in people's participation in the legislative process in Iran and other countries

Undoubtedly, moharebeh is one of the most important crimes against internal and even external security. This criminal phenomenon is taken from verse 33 of Surah Ma'idah and is one of the most important Qur'anic teachings used in Islamic criminal jurisprudence under the title of verse of Moharebeh. It is not a secret to the scholars that one of the disputed issues regarding moharebeh is the issue of the quality and manner of applying the four punishments in the holy verse. There are two promises in this regard. A large group of jurists are obliged to change the ruling in the application of punishments, and another group believes in order. The present study is organized in order to answer the same question, which according to the holy verse, how and the quality of the application of confinement punishments, what is the ruling area? And which promise is right? Accordingly, in the present study, in an analytical-comparative-descriptive manner, in order to achieve the desired answer, first a clear picture of the concept of moharebeh and a brief acquaintance with the four types of punishments for murder, cruelty, severance and denial of effort, and then express the sayings of jurists. شد. Then, the evidences and documents of both promises of change and order were reviewed in detail. It became clear that, in principle, the division of narrations into variations and sequences is incorrect and lacks a proper basis. All narrations seek to express a truth. Their difference is merely an apparent matter, and they never have a substantive disagreement with each other. Finally, in spite of the multiplicity of the jurists' tendency towards the word of change, considering the conviction and superiority of the arguments of the word of order, the legitimacy of this word was fixed and preferred. With this jurisprudential approach, the manner of applying the punishment of the enemy is based on the promise of order and proportionality of the prescribed punishments with the crimes committed. The practical and applied benefit of this research is the proposal to amend Article 283 AH. م. ا. Approved in 1392.