Identifying Radiation Absorption and Creating Shadow on the Body of Pigeon Towers in the Villages of Isfahan and Tabriz

In most parts of our country, especially the two hot and dry and cold and dry climates, there have been pigeon towers with different shapes and forms for keeping and breeding pigeons. Circular or square in plan, they are made of clay and brick. The purpose of this study is to identify the radiation absorption and the effect of shade on the surfaces of rural pigeon towers in Isfahan and Tabriz. The main question of the research is that “how was the reception and percentage of radiation absorption and the shade on the surfaces of pigeon towers in the hot and dry climate of Isfahan and the cold climate of Tabriz?” A case study research and descriptive-analytical approach is adopted, followed by software analysis. Four pigeon towers with different structures were selected from Tar, Kheirabad, Gort, and Zamenabad villages in Isfahan, and four from Khaljan, Taqiabad, Digbashi, and Chelehghaz villages in Tabriz. Then, they were modelled precisely in Rhinoceros5, and the absorption and percentage of radiation on the hottest day of the year, at the time interval of 13 to 16, and the effect of shading on the surfaces of pigeon towers at 15 were simulated using RADIANCE and ECOTECT engines. The results of simulations showed that the reception and percentage of sunlight on the surfaces of pigeon towers in the hot and dry climate of Isfahan and the cold and dry climate of Tabriz have a direct relationship with the area and shape of the building. In hot and dry climates, where radiation absorption is high, and more surfaces need protection from sunlight, the multi-cylinder pigeon towers with more pores and curved surfaces are the most suitable ones. On the contrary, in cold climates, cubic pigeon towers with smooth surfaces and fewer pores are better since they absorb more sunlight and receive it at an almost direct angle of 90 degrees.