Comparative study of Hakhamaneshi and Parthian rhytons

The art of retoning is one of the most prominent and valuable arts that existed in the  Hakhamaneshi and Parthian periods and the use of these drinking utensils was very common in  ancient Iran. These dishes show themselves in different forms in the Hakhamaneshi and Parthian  periods. Human aesthetic inclinations to the form and decoration of objects, influenced by  religious and sometimes magical interests, justify the existence of such objects. Despite the  importance and similarity, the rhytons of these two dynasties have not been matched with each  other in terms of form, decoration and use. Therefore, the present article, with comparative  descriptive-analytical discourse and using library resources, examines the differences and  commonalities of the Hakhamaneshi and Parthian rhytons from the moment of form, decoration  and application, and doubles the necessity of addressing this issue. At the same time, the results  were based on: In terms of - Formic, conical shape, use of animals and human heads, variety of  sizes, in terms of 2- Decorations, use of lotus flowers, grape leaves and artichokes, the influence  of Iranian natives and Hellenic arrays, and in terms of 3- The application had a practical aspect  in non-religious customs (coronation of the king) and non-religious and ritual. The art of Rayon making in the Hakhamaneshi and Parthian periods showed the social status and symbol of the  power of their owners and is of special importance due to its relationship with ritual drinks. A  little attention to the collection of animals used shows that cultural and mythological beliefs have  certainly been influential in the selection of these animals.