Metaphoric Opening of Title in Text: The gleams of Modernism in the tiltles of Shaikh i-ʿIshraq's Works

This study is going to show the metaphoric nature of a text and the metaphoric relationship between the title and the text - one of the components of modern narratives- in the classic works. It is claimed that there are works among the classics equivalent to the modern ones. This merely means that some of the modern features and potentials are derived from the old works. Modern works may earn the specific features of their own by condensation, proliferation, and reproduction of some certain features of the old works. Amplification of the metaphoric pole in prose (stories/ novels) should be regarded as one of the characteristics of the modern narratives. This characteristic could be observed in the title of modern woks as well. We have shown that this trait exists in the works of Shahāb ad-Dīn Suhrawardī as well and has transferred from the text to the title of his works through the paratextual connections. This article is founded theoretically on the David Lodge's point of view in his well-known work The Modes of Modern Writing: Metaphor, Metonymy and the Typology of Modern Literature. We also applied Jacobson's Theory of Metaphoric and Metonymic Poles in a new way so that we can declare the distinctiveness of Suhrawardi's titling from that his contemporaries.