The Role of the Islamic Revolutionary and Axis of Resistance Thought to Syria On the Basis of Stephen Walt's Theory

This study is mainly intended to investigate the role of the Islamic Revolution the axis of resistance thought toward Syria, Syrian sovereignty and countering the threat on the basis of Stephen Walt's theory of balance of threat. The supportive policy and protection of the Islamic Revolution of Syria in the crisis, and its struggle for the survival of the Syrian government, have been investigated on the basis of approach of unity and coalition. Thus, the participation of Iran, Syria, Hezbollah of Lebanon, Ansarullah of Yemen, and Hashd al-Sh’abi of Iraq, on the one hand, and the Zionist regime and Saudi Arabia in the Middle East, led by the United States and the West, on the other, has turned into an area of competition Pro-resistance countries (Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen and Iraq) and countries against resistance (Zionist regime and Saudi Arabia). Therefore, the main research question involves the thinking of the Islamic Revolution and the protectionist policy focusing on the resistance in favor of the government of Bashar al-Assad and the formation of alliances and coalitions between the present countries and the way it has been implemented and operated. Inspired by Walt's balance of threat theory, the researchers main hypothesize that the main reason for the Islamic Revolution's supporting policy on resistance and Syrian government, in addition to revolutionary thinking, regards understanding of common regional threats from the side the Zionist regime and Saudi Arabia. Research findings illustrate according to Walt's theory of balance that, the perception of a common threat by the Axis of Resistance has resulted in Iran's support for Syria and the formation of alliances between them. The process and the method of establishing such alliances and unity are investigated too.