The principle of openness of the trial In Iranian law ,Islamic jurisprudence And English law

The openness of the trial means that members of the public can freely attend court hearings, closely observe how things are going, and ensure that the law is strictly enforced and that there is real judicial justice. By applying this principle, the judge can not abuse his legal authority for fear of public scrutiny and arbitration, and as a result, this principle can greatly help increase the quality of justice and the issuance of fair judgments in the courts. However, some legal systems believe that the courts cannot suffice with general terms such as public order and ethics, but are obliged to make the reasons for such action clear to the public     The principle of openness of the trial has been considered by the holy shari'a and in the four sources the inference of the rulings (book, tradition, consensus, reason) has been explicitly stated and has also been approved by Islamic jurists; According to Article 165 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is the most important legal document of the country, trials must be held in public, which has shown the importance of this issue in the eyes of the legislator; In English law, based on the principle of justice and natural law, the principle of openness of trial is emphasized; Of course, in Iran, due to the disturbance of the court order, sometimes this principle is not implemented, which can be easily solved by considering solutions such as punishment for those who disturb the order of the hearing, including the litigants and those present, and proper management of the hearing by the judge.