Examining the in-person and out-of-court verdicts issued by the juvenile court: Resolving ambiguities

In general, in order for the verdict issued by the court to be considered in person, the accused or his lawyer must be present at the court hearing, and to achieve this, they must be summoned to the hearing in advance or sent to the court in the absence of a defense bill. Otherwise, the vote will be out-of-court. In addition, the vote should be of the verdict, not the order, so the orders are always considered in-person. But this is a little different in the case of children and adolescents, because first, as we will examine according to the Iranian law, Children and adolescents are not summoned to the hearing. Secondly, the verdict issued by the juvenile court is not necessarily an order or a verdict, but can be decision-making in nature and contain preventive actions. However, in this study with using library resources, have been studied a detailed of the conditions governing the presence and absence of judgments in juvenile courts and the existing ambiguities.