methods of calculating the latitude of the earth's dispositions in the book of Determining the ends of the places to correct the distances of the dwellings Tahdid Nih ̅aya ̅t Al- Ama ̅kin by Abu ̅ al-Rayha ̅n al-Bi ̅ru ̅ni ̅

Mathematical geography is one of the sciences that does not have an independent and codified form in the history of Islamic science up to the fifth AH /eleventh century AD and it could be traced in a scattered manner, mainly in astronomical works and the science of the board. Tahdid, Ab al-Rayh n al-B r n 's book is the first case in this field in Islamic civilization, in which almost all the components of mathematical geography are included based on his observational data. One of these main components is determining the geographical coordinate of different positions, which includes latitude and longitude, that has been well researched in this work. The goal of this research is analyzing approaches in calculating latitude of various positions in Tahdid, the book of al-B r n . He has studied the width of different places in three different ways, using general and generalizable rules, which, although in some cases, are not completely innovative; But in terms of presentation method in the history of science in the Islamic era, are very important.