Checking the changing balconies that are compatible with the environment and the needs of the residents of residential complexes

Balconies and terraces are part of the interface spaces in the facades of buildings that allow internal and external communication, but these days we are witnessing poor performance and even the removal of these spaces from residential buildings. Paying attention to the effective factors in the formation of balconies (cultural factors, social factors, artistic factors, economic factors, environmental factors, and functional factors) and their optimal design can have a great impact on improving the quality of life of residents and their satisfaction. It is one of the new apartment complexes. Therefore, the design of these interfaces should be tailored to the needs of residents and existing conditions, but the needs of residents and existing conditions are not always constant and may change; So these interfaces need to be flexible and Variable. Convertible balconies can be a good alternative to the current fixed balcony. These balconies can meet the needs of residents in different conditions and are compatible with the environment, so that they open when needed and create the necessary space and shrink when they are not needed.In this research, first, issues related to balconies, including: definition of balconies and types of balconies and examples of balconies with special design have been raised. The following are issues with variability and examples of convertible balconies. Examining the case examples of balconies and variable facades and the connections used in them, eight models of variable balconies have been proposed, which show how they are placed in the facade and how they are opened and closed. The proposed criteria are evaluated based on specific criteria (such as: how to open and close the structure mechanically and manually, the cost of structure and connections, access for future service and repair, occupant safety at the time of use, etc.) to determine their superiority. Finally, different modes of the selected balcony are shown that change according to the wishes and needs of the residents. When these balconies open and close, they create different spatial qualities for the occupants, giving them the right to choose how to use these interface spaces, and allowing them to access the outdoor space at any time.