Effectiveness of Exercises (Fitness and Aerobic) in the Executive Functions of Problem-Solving Process and Speed of Action in Children with Dyscalculia

Cognitive rehabilitation and the application of sports exercises is one of the issues that can help improve the performance indicators of children with disabilities. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of exercise (aerobics, aerobics, and fitness) on executive functions on the problem-solving process and speed of action in dyscalculia children. This quasi-experimental study was performed as a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all male and female students referring to the White Tree Club and the Mentality Psychology Clinic in 2020 that 24 qualified volunteers were included in the study by convenience sampling method and 12 people in the experimental group and twelve people in the control group were randomly assigned. Research instruments included the KMat test (Kendall, 1986), the London Tower test (Shalis, 1982), and the Stroop test (1935). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and univariate analysis of covariance at a significance level of 0.05. The results of data analysis showed that after removing the effect of pre-test, the mean scores of executive functions of the problem-solving process (p <0.001) and speed of action (p <0.001) in the post-test, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that exercise in children with dyscalculia can be used and is effective in improving the executive functions of the problem-solving process and their speed of action.