Effects of chemical reactions, radiation, and activation energy on MHD buoyancy induced nano fluidflow past a vertical surface

This paper explores the e ects of thermal radiation, buoyancy force, chemical reaction, and activation energy on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nano uid ow past a stretching vertical surface. The non-linear momentum, energy, solute, and nanoparticle concentration boundary layer equations are simpli ed using similarity transformations. The transformed equations are numerically solved using the shooting technique. Corresponding results for dimensionless velocity, temperature, solute, nanoparticle concentration pro les, skin friction, local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number, and local nanoparticle Sherwood number are shown for various related parameters. It is observed that the temperature and concentration pro les of nanoparticles increased with the increase in the parameters of thermal radiation and the temperature di erence. With increasing regular buoyancy parameters, the local Nusselt number decreased by increasing the adaptation rate, the Biot number, and the thermal radiation parameters.