Distribution Systems Energy Management in the presence of Smart Homes, Renewable Energy Resources and Demand Response Programs by Considering Uncertainties
In this paper, a comprehensive energy management model is proposed in order to the operation of a modified 33-radial bus distribution system, in the presence of smart homes. In the proposed model, smart home customers are able to participate in a demand response (DR) program and their comfort index is also considered as the main constraint. The model also considers uncertainties related to the load demand, the generation of renewable energy resources and electricity price. The Monte Carlo simulation method and the ScenRed tool are utilized to generate and reduce the scenarios, respectively. In order to mimic the actual operating conditions, in the simulation, the seasonal variations of load and generation are considered and the operation problem is solved for four seasons. A linear AC power flow is also used in the model. Finally, the problem is modeled as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem and solved by the CPLEX solver in GAMS software. The simulation results demonstrate that the model proposed in this study is a comprehensive framework for the operation of distribution systems in the presence of smart homes, which not only reduces operating costs but also increases the consumers’ comfort index.
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