Compound-exceptional Verbs and How to Distinguish them in a Sentence

The present study is a critique, study and description of a type of verb in Persian language that has a different structure from other verbs in the sentence. There are differences among Persian grammarians about this current construction, which has made it difficult to understand and recognize it correctly. Reflecting on the different names chosen for this type of verb reveals the intensity of disagreement and different perceptions in this field. These verbs have different titles such as: impersonal verb, imperfective verbs, compound pronoun, impersonal imperfect, the singular verb or impersonal verb. The present article examined and described this current special construction based on the syntactic and visual structure in sentence construction. To describe and introduce this current construction, some experts have dealt with examples from ancient Persian and others with examples from contemporary Persian. The authors of this article, however, describe the verb in a different and practical way using both approaches simultaneously. Because the exceptional structure of these verbs has led to different descriptions of them, these views have been criticized and examined, so that in the end, with a clear and precise linguistic description of this verb, small step is taken to better understand the Persian language. The research findings show that the current construction is always compound and usually transient, and its personal/impersonal status can only be identified based on the sentence structure. For various reasons, it is better to call it an exceptional compound.