Presenting a Model of Strategic, Contingent and Fast Responses to Crisis Using a Meta‐Synthesis Approach

From the past until now, businesses have been constantly faced various crises that have threatened their survival and sustainability. Currently, the Covid-19 global pandemic has profoundly affected economic development and the survival of businesses, forcing them to react. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to provide a model of strategic, contingent, and fast responses to the crisis.

First, by Meta‐synthesis qualitative research method, all indicators, concepts, and categories of strategic, contingent, and fast responses to the crisis were identified. Then, the importance and priority of each of the proposed factors have been determined based on the content analysis approach using Shannon's entropy method.

After analyzing the data, the relevant strategic, contingent, and fast responses were identified and categorized into 119 indicators, 27 concepts, and 10 subcategories. All of these were categorized into four categories: Maintain the status quo, improvement and Transformation, retrenchment, and exit from the Corona crisis.

The results showed that the most important driver in the category of improvement and Transformation, "strategic marketing"; in the category of Maintaining the status quo, "accepting responsibility for the crisis"; in the category of retrenchment is "financial management" and in the category of exit is "transfer". The present study provides an in-depth insight into the existing literature on crisis management by identifying strategic, contingent and fast responses to crisis situations that companies can use to overcome crises.