Mangroves Responses to Projected Sea-Level Rise Due to Impact of Climate Change

In this study, we reviewed the state of knowledge of mangrove vulnerability and responses to predicted climate change impacts. It would be complex and difficult to identify response to sea level rise, increasing temperature and precipitation pattern changes. Mangrove ecosystems are expected to exhibit a synergistic response to a combination of the climatic, anthropogenic and natural impacts

Among all climate change impacts, relative sea-level rise may be the greatest threat to mangroves. Tidal gauge renege and the rate of sediment supply are the most important factors in mangroves forest response to the sea level rise.

If the compensation factors like surface sediment elevation augment did not work, mangroves seaward might depredate. On the other hand, the larger tide range in an area would result the lower mangrove damage. These responses would relate to the site-specific topographic properties which could determine possibility of mangrove landward migration. Most of the mangroves responses to the impact of climate change will be site-specific, also it would be impossible to extrapolate these responses from one place to other places.

Some of the adaptation measures in coastal areas against the climate change impacts include designing coastal defense systems such as embankments, planting and constructing mangrove forests, building flood facilities, retreating from the shoreline and managing the new shoreline, mapping risk and warnings and awareness to residents.