Corona virus, origin and disease characteristics till cell therapy by mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes: a gate for an effective therapeutic strategies

Aim Regarding to prevalence of corona disease worldwide, evaluating of therapeutic strategies for this epidemic is very valuable. The aim of this study, was to introduce different strains of coronavirus, to investigate the cause of SARS-CoV-2 disease and cell therapy strategies using stem cells and extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells. This research is considered as a basic and descriptive- analytical on the basis of research purpose and method. In this study, the keywords including corona, cell therapy, mesenchymal stem cells and exosome were used. The search was conducted in the Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS, ISI Web of Knowledge databases. The investigation period was also considered from December 2019 to June 2021. So far, seven species of the coronavirus family have been identified that can transmit to humans. In a recent report, researchers looked at stem cell- derived systems to further investigate the emerging form of beta-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 in the body. Cell therapy using stem cells is a valuable option; because these cells have functional immunity by creating organoids in the culture medium and maintaining signaling polarity. Therefore, in the two- or three-dimensional culture model, the use of stem cells has become an applied model for studying the pathogenicity of the virus. Evantually, exosome derived stem cells are another candidate with regenerative potential on injured lung which was considered as valuable therapeutic strategy in these disease.