The effects of Targeted subsidies on water efficiency in industry and agriculture sectors

Water as one of the sources of life is one of the most important factors of growth and development in human societies. In the last two decades, especially in the late 20th century, water management has become a major international concern. Drought and dehydration in Iran are also a climatic fact, and due to the growing need for different parts of the water, the drought problem will become more acute in the coming years. Water productivity is one of the most important key indicators in large-scale planning related to the supply, allocation and consumption of water. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in water productivity in industrial and agricultural sectors by country's provinces during the implementation of subsidy targeting using Malmquist index. The results indicated that the provinces of Tehran, Kerman and Hormozgan have been inefficient in all three sectors, but overall, the total productivity index has increased in the country.