Interaction of mycorrhizal coexistence and foliar application of iron and zinc on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of mung bean under different irrigation regimes

Drought stress is one of the main causes of plant growth limitation that has affected most of the world's agricultural lands. Due to the location of Iran in the almost arid and semi-arid region of the world and also the lack of moisture in such areas, there is a possibility of water shortage stress in most of the growth stages of plants. Mung bean cultivation is severely affected by drought stress, while micronutrients such as iron and zinc nanoparticles can reduce the effects of drought stress. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal and nano-iron and zinc fertilizer coexistence on quantitative and qualitative performance and absorption of mung bean elements under different irrigation regimes.

This test was performed in 2017 in two regions of Mehran and Malekshahi. The experiment was performed as a split-factor in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factors included irrigation regimes at three levels: no stress, moderate stress, and severe dehydration stress, which were evaporated at 60, 90, and 120 mm, respectively, at these levels. The sub-factor includes nano-fertilizers at four levels (no fertilizers, zinc nano-chelates, iron nano-chelates and the combined application of zinc and iron nano-chelates) with the application of Arbuscolar mycorrhizal fungi on two levels (control and inoculation with fungi). Took. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software.

The effect of irrigation, nano-fertilizer, mycorrhiza and their dual effects on biological yield and mung bean seed yield were significant. The double effect (irrigation × mycorrhiza) and the triple interaction effect on grain yield were significant. The yield of mung bean seeds in the plants of Malekshahi region was higher than the plants of Mehran region. The use of iron and zinc nano-fertilizers increased the yield of mung bean seeds in both Mehran and Malekshahi areas. In the Malekshahi area, iron and zinc nanocomposites combined and increased grain yield at different irrigation levels. The highest grain yield was obtained in the treatment of moderate dehydration stress and combined consumption of iron and zinc nano fertilizers in Malekshahi region with 1184 kg ha-1, which was not significantly different from non-stress. The use of zinc nano-fertilizer and iron + zinc nano-fertilizer increased the amount of mung bean protein (27.38%). Iron nanocode (26.9%) did not have a significant effect on mung bean protein content compared to zinc nano fertilizer and control treatment.

Drought stress led to reduced yields and mung bean yield components, but the use of iron and zinc nanocomposites and mycorrhizal fungi, both individually and in combination, improved grain yield and yield components. Also, the use of iron and zinc nanocodes and mycorrhizal fungi separately and together led to improved grain quality and increased grain protein content.In general, the results of this study showed that drought stress led to a decrease in yield and yield components of mung bean, but the use of iron and zinc nanofertilizers and mycorrhizal fungus, either alone or in combination, led to improved yield and grain yield components.