Examining the rights and duties of third parties in the execution phase of judgments in general courts and the Court of Administrative

Execution of the sentence is the last step in a trial process in which the result of the verdict will be realized for the convict. In other words, all other steps will be ineffective if the execution step is not carried out well. The purpose of the present study is to examine the rights and obligations of third parties in the execution of sentences. The third party refers to all natural or legal persons who do not have the title of plaintiff and defendant in the main petition. A third party may intervene before the conclusion of the proceedings in the initial or appellate stage if he or she has an independent right or considers himself or herself a beneficiary in the right of one of the main litigants. But one of the stages in which the third party has rights and obligations is the stage of execution of judgments in civil proceedings as well as the Court of Administrative Justice. In general, the purpose of third party intervention in the civil proceedings, especially in the enforcement phase, is the realization of third party rights, with the difference that the time of third party intervention, either as voluntary intervention (entry, protest) or forced intervention (arrest), is different. And also the conditions of its design will be different according to its type according to the Code of Civil Procedure and the Law of Organization and Procedure of the Court of Administrative Justice.