Comparison content of parthenolide as an anti-migraine in Natural samples and tissue culture seedlings of some populations of Tanacetum parthenium L.

Sesqui-terpene lactone - parthenolide in Tanacetum parthenium L. is known as the most important medicinal substance with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasm and especially anti-migraine effects. In this study, the content of parthenolide in the flowering branches of some natural populations of T. parthenium L. from different habitats in Gilan (Masoleh), Mazandaran (Chalos), Qom (Vishnu) and Tehran (Ahar) provinces were collected at the full flowering stage and compared with their flowered seedlings under in vitro conditions. In vitro seedlings were seeded and cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium enriched with hydrolyzed casein (100 mg/l), salicylic acid (2 mg/l) and benzylaminopurine (5 mg/l). The parthenolide content of flowering branches of all samples was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of variance analysis of the data showed that the effect of population and cultivation conditions as well as their interaction at the probability level of 1% on parthenolide content was significant. The parthenolide content in self-grown populations ranged from 0.13±0.007 to 1.03±0.113 mg/g dry weight and in tissue culture seedlings from 0.23±0.011 to 1.21±0.148 mg/g dry weight was variable. The highest and lowest parthenolide content was observed in Qom (Vashno) and Gilan (Masuleh) populations, respectively. Parthenolide content for all populations was higher in tissue culture samples than in natural samples. The findings of this study can be considered and exploited for the commercial production of parthenolide pharmaceutical composition under controlled conditions.