In vitro anti-arthritic and antiglycation potential of a combination of silver nanoparticles and Moringa oleifera leaves extract

The present work aimed to investigate the efficacy of glycation inhibitors and the anti-arthritic potential of Moringa oleifera mediated silver nanoparticles (MO-AgNPs). 

Aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera is used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. UV–vis spectrophotometer analysis, high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were performed to characterize the synthesized AgNPs. The antioxidant potential of plant leaf extract and MO-AgNPs was studied by a free radical (DPPH) scavenging assay. In-vitro BSA-glucose glycation assay and a protein denaturation assay were carried out to determine protein anti-glycation activity and anti-arthritic potential respectively for MO-AgNPs and compared with MO-leaves extract.

Aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera shows total phenolic content (163.5 ± 4.73 mg of GAE/g) and flavonoid content (56.8±7.23 mg quercetin equivalents/g). Moringa oleifera leaves mediated AgNPs were confirmed by surface plasmon resonance at 420–440 nm in the UV-Visible spectra. HR-TEM analysis indicates the crystalline nature of the MO-AgNPs with spherical and spheroid shapes. FTIR spectra suggested the presence of phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloids in plant extract responsible for the reduction and capping material of AgNPs. DPPH radical scavenging activity of MO-AgNPs shows significantly (P>05) higher with its IC50 value (62 μg/ml) than MO-leaf extract (95 μg/ml). MO-AgNPs exhibited (45%) higher anti-arthritic activity compared to moringa leaves extract but were similarly found with the standard diclofenac sodium drug. MO-AgNPs exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on AGEs formation that was predicated on the reduced levels of fructosamine and fluorescence intensity.

This work demonstrated that moringa leaves mediated AgNPs prevent protein glycation and arthritic activity in vitro. Thus, this finding depicts the anti-arthritic and antiglycation potential of MO-AgNPs suggesting that it can be a promising Nano-carrier to prevent the progression of arthritis and the pathogenesis of AGEs-related diseases.